International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 12 Previous Year Papers

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

• Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
• Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
• Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
• Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
• Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
• Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
• Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

• Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
• Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
• Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
• Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

• Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
• Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
• Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
• Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

• Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
• The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
• Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
• Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

• Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
• Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
• Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
• Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
• Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

• Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
• Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
• Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

• Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
• Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

• Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
• Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
• Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
• Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
• Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
• Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

Q.1

Q.2

Q.3

Q.4

Q.5

Q.6

Q.7

Q.8

Q.9

Q.10

Q.1	A food distribution company aims to reduce food losses during transportation. They decide to conduct an experiment to assess the impact of transportation conditions on perishable goods' decay rates. They exposed a batch of fruits to varying temperatures and monitored their decay rates. What additional factors should they consider to make the experiment comprehensive and applicable to real-world scenarios?
	a) The presence of pests during transportation.		b) Only temperature fluctuations are relevant in transportation experiments.
	c) The origin of the fruits, not the transportation conditions.		d) Humidity levels, transportation duration, and the type of fruit.

Q.2	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Case Study: Water Conservation in Singapore Singapore, a water-scarce nation, implemented innovative strategies for water conservation and efficient use. One notable initiative is the "NEWater" program, where wastewater is treated extensively to produce high-grade reclaimed water. This reclaimed water is then used for industrial processes, cooling systems, and even direct consumption after rigorous purification. Additionally, Singapore employs an extensive rainwater harvesting system, collecting rainwater on a large scale for non-potable uses like flushing toilets and watering plants. These initiatives have not only reduced the strain on the city-state's water supply but also ensured sustainable water management for the growing population. What challenges does Singapore addressed by implementing these water conservation initiatives?
	a) Controlling air pollution and promoting soil erosion		b) Preventing excessive flooding and reducing industrial water demand
	c) Alleviating water scarcity		d) Increasing potable water usage

Q.3	In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the consumption of coal and oil for electricity generation and transportation. Which of the following effects is directly associated with this cause?
	a) Increased occurrences of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.		b) Decrease in ocean acidity due to reduced carbon emissions.
	c) Rising sea levels due to the melting of polar ice caps.		d) Enhanced agricultural yields due to improved energy infrastructure.

Q.4	As Arctic sea ice melts due to climate change, polar bears struggle to find suitable hunting grounds for seals. This forces them onto land, consuming less energy-rich food and burning more energy for travel. What is the most likely long-term consequence of this scenario for polar bear populations?
	a) Increased birth rates to compensate for energy loss and declining survival rates.		b) Smaller body size in future generations due to reduced nutritional intake.
	c) Enhanced adaptation of polar bears to a terrestrial lifestyle, minimising the impact of sea ice loss.		d) Unaffected polar bear populations as they find alternative hunting strategies in response to climate change.

Q.5	While shopping, Maya sees a new "biodegradable" label on plastic water bottles. Curious, she wonders how accurate this claim is. What should Maya be cautious about regarding the "biodegradable" label on these plastic water bottles? 1. Even if biodegradable, these bottles might not decompose quickly in home compost bins. 2. Biodegradable plastics could harm the environment in different ways if not disposed of properly. 3. This label doesn't necessarily mean the bottles are made from recycled materials.
	a) Only 1		b) Only 1 and 2
	c) Only 2 and 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.6	The graph below demonstrates a 50% reduction in post-harvest food losses achieved by a cooperative of farmers through enhanced packaging and transportation practices. What specific strategies in packaging and transportation could account for this significant success?
	a) Using biodegradable packaging materials and increasing the number of intermediaries in the supply chain.		b) Utilising airtight packaging to preserve freshness and optimising transportation routes to minimise travel time and handling.
	c) Employing large packaging to fit more produce and reduce the number of trips.		d) Using basic packaging materials and increasing the frequency of deliveries to retailers.

Q.7	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Case Study: Threats to Marine Life In the North Atlantic, a large ship accident caused a massive oil spill. This spill polluted the ocean, covering the surface and spreading deep into the water. The oil mixed with floating plastic waste, created dangerous clumps that harmed marine animals and spread toxic chemicals. Furthermore, the surrounding coastal regions experienced heavy industrial runoff from nearby factories and agricultural waste from farms that drain into rivers and streams, carrying excessive nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. The combination of oil slicks, entangled plastic debris, and toxic algal blooms severely impacts the local fishing industry, leading to economic downturns and food scarcity in nearby communities reliant on marine resources. The spill also results in long-term ecological damage, affecting critical habitats such as coral reefs, seagrass beds, and estuaries, disrupting entire ecosystems. This situation shows how different kinds of marine pollution, all come together to make things worse for ocean life and the people who depend on it. It is crucial for us to find ways to prevent and clean up these types of pollution to protect our oceans and the creatures living in them. In a region where algal blooms have caused a significant decrease in oxygen levels, which species is most likely to suffer the most adverse effects?
	a) Small fish dependent on oxygen-rich waters.		b) Plankton thriving in low-oxygen environments.
	c) Bottom-dwelling mollusks adapted to varying oxygen levels.		d) Deep-sea corals known for surviving in anoxic conditions.

Q.8	Scientists have been monitoring the Earth's average temperature for decades. The graph shows the trend they observed. Based on the graph and your understanding of climate change, what is the MOST LIKELY primary cause of the observed rise in Earth's average temperature?
	a) Increased volcanic activity emitting heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere.		b) Excessive use of aerosol sprays releasing harmful chemicals.
	c) Enhanced greenhouse effect due to human activities releasing gases that trap heat.		d) Reduced deforestation leading to a warmer climate.

Q.9	A family went on a camping trip and drank water from an untreated stream. Several days later, they all became ill with vomiting and diarrhoea. Which of the following is the most likely cause of their illness? 1. Contaminated water from the stream 2. Ingestion of a parasite present in the stream water 3. A contagious respiratory illness
	a) Only 1		b) Only 1 and 2
	c) Only 2 and 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.10	Imagine two households, the Smiths and the Joneses, who both live in similar apartments with identical appliances like refrigerators, washing machines, and TVs. However, their energy-saving habits differ. Which scenario best demonstrates an effective energy-saving habit? 1. The Smiths replaced all their light bulbs with LEDs. 2. The Smiths run their dishwasher and washing machine with small loads. 3. Jonases seals air leaks around windows and doors to improve insulation. 4. Jonases leave their TVs and game consoles on standby mode overnight.
	a) Only 1 and 2		b) Only 1 and 3
	c) Only 1, 2 and 3		d) Only 2, 3, and 4

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