International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 9 Previous Year Papers

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

1. Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
2. Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
3. Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
4. Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
5. Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
6. Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
7. Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

1. Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
2. Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
3. Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
4. Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

1. Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
2. Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
3. Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
4. Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

1. Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
2. The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
3. Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
4. Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

1. Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
2. Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
3. Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
4. Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
5. Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

1. Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
2. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
3. Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

1. Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
2. Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

1. Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
2. Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
3. Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
4. Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
5. Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
6. Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

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Q.1	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Case Study: Protecting the Coral Reefs of Raja Ampat, Indonesia Location: Raja Ampat, a stunning archipelago in Indonesia famed for its thriving coral reefs, biodiversity, and diving tourism. Challenges: -Overfishing: Unsustainable fishing practices, including blast fishing and cyanide fishing, have depleted fish stocks and damaged coral reefs. -Pollution: Plastic pollution, agricultural runoff, and sedimentation from coastal development all threaten the delicate marine ecosystem. -Climate Change: Rising ocean temperatures and acidification are bleaching and killing coral, the foundation of the reef ecosystem. Initiatives: -Marine Protected Areas (MPAs): Establishing and enforcing MPAs restricts harmful fishing practices and allows reefs to recover. Raja Ampat boasts one of the largest MPAs in Southeast Asia, covering over 1.5 million hectares. -Community-Based Management: Local communities play a crucial role in protecting their reefs. The Coral Triangle Initiative focuses on empowering them through sustainable fishing practices and alternative livelihoods like ecotourism. -Sustainable Aquaculture: Farming fish responsibly reduces pressure on wild stocks and provides alternative income for fishermen. Locally managed fish farms in Raja Ampat demonstrate successful alternatives to overfishing. -Coral Restoration: Innovative techniques like coral nurseries and transplantation help regenerate damaged reefs and restore marine biodiversity. Outcomes: -Fish stocks are rebounding: The Raja Ampat MPA has shown a significant increase in fish biomass within its boundaries, demonstrating the effectiveness of protected areas. -Improved water quality: Reduced pollution and sedimentation contribute to healthier corals and a more vibrant marine environment. -Empowered communities: Local involvement in conservation fosters environmental stewardship and provides sustainable economic opportunities. Raja Ampat serves as a beacon of hope in marine conservation, demonstrating the effectiveness of community-driven, multi-pronged approaches to protecting life below water. By tackling overfishing, pollution, and climate change, we can safeguard the future of these vital ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. In the case study, it is mentioned that coral reefs confront challenges from pollution and climate change. How do these challenges interact to negatively affect Raja Ampat's coral reefs? 1. Pollution weakens coral reefs, making them more susceptible to bleaching and mortality as ocean temperatures rise. 2. Climate change alters ocean currents, causing an increased accumulation of pollutants near reefs, adding to their stress. 3. Pollution can harm reefs, but it doesn't significantly affect their vulnerability to climate change impacts.
	a) Only 1		b) Only 1 and 2
	c) Only 2 and 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.2	As an environmental scientist conducting water quality assessments for a local lake used for swimming and boating, you're tasked with monitoring various parameters to ensure the safety and health of individuals engaging in recreational activities. In this scenario, which of the following parameters would be of concern? 1. Turbidity 2. pH 3. Faecal coliform bacteria
	a) Only 1		b) Only 1 and 2
	c) Only 2 and 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.3	You're at the supermarket deciding between locally-grown organic vegetables and conventionally-grown vegetables shipped from a distant country. Both cost the same. Considering climate change:
	a) The local organic option is always better due to reduced transportation emissions.		b) Choose conventionally grown vegetables, as organic farming uses more water.
	c) Consider additional factors like packaging and water usage alongside transportation emissions.		d) Both options have similar climate impacts, so focus on personal preference.

Q.4	You are a technician working at a nuclear power plant. You are tasked with performing routine inspections of the plant's various components. To ensure your understanding, your supervisor provides you with a diagram of the plant layout and asks you to identify the labelled components. Based on the diagram below, identify the main components of a nuclear power plant.
	a) A: Steam generator B: Coolant C: Reactor core D: Turbine E: Electricity generator		b) A: Reactor core B: Coolant C: Turbine D: Electricity generator E: Steam generator
	c) A: Coolant B: Reactor core C: Steam generator D: Turbine E: Electricity generator		d) A: Steam generator B: Reactor core C: Coolant D: Electricity generator E: Turbine

Q.5	A family is considering purchasing a new microwave to replace their old one, aiming to reduce their energy consumption and contribute to sustainability. They are researching various models to ensure they choose an energy-efficient appliance. In their evaluation of different microwave models for energy efficiency and sustainability, which factor would NOT typically be considered?
	a) The appliance's power rating		b) The appliance's manufacturer
	c) The appliance's energy consumption		d) The appliance's operating time

Q.6	Ecological restoration is the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed. Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of ecological restoration?
	a) Reestablishing native plant and animal species to their original habitats		b) Restoring natural ecological processes and functions within the ecosystem
	c) Promoting the sustainable use of resources and reducing human impacts on the ecosystem		d) Enhancing the economic value and productivity of the restored land

Q.7	You are troubleshooting a high electricity bill and notice that even when all appliances are turned off, the energy meter is still registering a small amount of power usage. This phenomenon is known as a vampire load. What is the main reason why vampire loads occur in most appliances?
	a) Appliances are not properly grounded, which causes them to leak electricity.		b) Appliances continue to draw a small amount of power even when they are turned off.
	c) Appliances are designed to be constantly turned on, so they use more energy when they are off.		d) Appliances are not properly connected to power outlets, which causes them to malfunction.

Q.8	In a city prone to heatwaves, a group of students proposed a rooftop garden initiative to combat the urban heat island effect. How does the presence of rooftop gardens contribute to reducing the urban heat island effect?
	a) Rooftop gardens reduce surface temperatures by providing shade and evaporative cooling		b) Rooftop gardens release excess heat into the atmosphere
	c) Rooftop gardens increase heat absorption from the sun		d) Rooftop gardens accelerate the formation of smog

Q.9	In a geologically active region, a community has installed a closed-loop geothermal energy system to harness the Earth's heat for heating purposes. The system has been operating efficiently, but during a particularly cold winter, the underground temperature experiences a significant decrease. What is the likely impact on the efficiency of the geothermal system?
	a) Efficiency increases due to better heat transfer in cooler conditions, providing more warmth.		b) Efficiency decreases as the temperature drop reduces the available heat for the system.
	c) Efficiency remains unchanged despite temperature fluctuations, ensuring consistent heating.		d) Efficiency doubles as the system compensates for lower temperatures, delivering enhanced performance.

Q.10	A group of scientists studying the melting glaciers in Antarctica discovered ancient air bubbles trapped within the ice. Analysing these bubbles, they find significantly lower concentrations of carbon dioxide compared to the present atmosphere. This information suggests that:
	a) The current levels of carbon dioxide are within the natural range of variation for Earth's climate.		b) Human activities have significantly increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
	c) The melting glaciers are a major source of carbon dioxide emissions contributing to global warming.		d) Ancient civilisations had developed advanced technologies to capture and store carbon dioxide.

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