International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 12 Sample Paper

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

• Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
• Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
• Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
• Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
• Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
• Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
• Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

• Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
• Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
• Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
• Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

• Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
• Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
• Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
• Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

• Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
• The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
• Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
• Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

• Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
• Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
• Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
• Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
• Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

• Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
• Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
• Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

• Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
• Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

• Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
• Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
• Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
• Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
• Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
• Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

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Q.1	Imagine two forests: a vast boreal coniferous forest in Siberia and a temperate deciduous forest in New England. Both forests experience seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation. However, the boreal forest stores significantly more carbon. What could be the primary reason for this difference?
	a) The slower decomposition rate in colder boreal regions allows for longer carbon storage.		b) The dense evergreen needles of boreal trees provide a larger surface area for carbon capture.
	c) The diverse understory vegetation in temperate forests competes with trees for available carbon.		d) The frequent wildfires in boreal regions release stored carbon back into the atmosphere.

Q.2	A bustling city faces challenges in managing its growing water demand. The existing water treatment plant struggles to keep up, and water shortages become increasingly frequent. Which option would be the sustainable and effective solution(s) for the long term? 1. Expanding the existing water treatment plant 2. Building a new, larger water treatment plant 3. Implementing water conservation measures 4. Investing in sustainable water sources
	a) Only 1		b) Only 3 and 4
	c) Only 1, 3 and 4		d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q.3	A family went on a camping trip and drank water from an untreated stream. Several days later, they all became ill with vomiting and diarrhoea. Which of the following is the most likely cause of their illness? 1. Contaminated water from the stream 2. Ingestion of a parasite present in the stream water 3. A contagious respiratory illness
	a) Only 1		b) Only 1 and 2
	c) Only 2 and 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.4	An environmental study conducted in a coastal region highlighted the excessive use of fishing gear resulting in the capture of unintended marine species, including endangered turtles and dolphins. What is the primary impact of this indiscriminate fishing practice?
	a) Maintenance of balanced marine ecosystems due to increased species diversity.		b) Reduction in bycatch due to the efficiency of modern fishing gear.
	c) Threatening biodiversity and endangering non-targeted species.		d) Preservation of endangered species populations.

Q.5	A family decides to install solar panels on their roof to generate electricity. How does this contribute to responsible energy consumption?
	a) Increases carbon emissions and environmental impact		b) Reduces reliance on non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels
	c) Promotes excessive energy consumption and wastage		d) Encourages dependence on unsustainable energy practices

Q.6	As Arctic sea ice melts due to climate change, polar bears struggle to find suitable hunting grounds for seals. This forces them onto land, consuming less energy-rich food and burning more energy for travel. What is the most likely long-term consequence of this scenario for polar bear populations?
	a) Increased birth rates to compensate for energy loss and declining survival rates.		b) Smaller body size in future generations due to reduced nutritional intake.
	c) Enhanced adaptation of polar bears to a terrestrial lifestyle, minimising the impact of sea ice loss.		d) Unaffected polar bear populations as they find alternative hunting strategies in response to climate change.

Q.7	You're at the supermarket deciding between locally-grown organic vegetables and conventionally-grown vegetables shipped from a distant country. Both cost the same. Considering climate change:
	a) The local organic option is always better due to reduced transportation emissions.		b) Choose conventionally grown vegetables, as organic farming uses more water.
	c) Consider additional factors like packaging and water usage alongside transportation emissions.		d) Both options have similar climate impacts, so focus on personal preference.

Q.8	The city council is discussing methods to promote sustainability in transportation. What characteristic defines efficient public transportation systems?
	a) Relying solely on private cars for urban commuting		b) Investing in high-speed highways to reduce travel time.
	c) Integrating a comprehensive network of buses and trains for convenient travel.		d) Encouraging individual car ownership without considering alternative modes of transport.

Q.9	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Case Study: Water Conservation in Singapore Singapore, a water-scarce nation, implemented innovative strategies for water conservation and efficient use. One notable initiative is the "NEWater" program, where wastewater is treated extensively to produce high-grade reclaimed water. This reclaimed water is then used for industrial processes, cooling systems, and even direct consumption after rigorous purification. Additionally, Singapore employs an extensive rainwater harvesting system, collecting rainwater on a large scale for non-potable uses like flushing toilets and watering plants. These initiatives have not only reduced the strain on the city-state's water supply but also ensured sustainable water management for the growing population. As a city planner, how would you promote the adoption of similar water conservation strategies in a different urban area facing water scarcity?
	a) Increase water tariffs to encourage conservation		b) Offer incentives for rainwater harvesting systems
	c) Limit water supply to households to reduce consumption		d) Ignore the issue, as water scarcity is a natural occurrence

Q.10	During an Earth Science field trip, students are exploring the impact of rising temperatures on the local ecosystem. The students notice a decline in the population of a particular plant species in the area compared to previous years. Which factor related to climate change is most likely influencing this decline?
	a) Reduced levels of precipitation and increased drought conditions.		b) Increased availability of nutrients in the soil.
	c) Decreased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.		d) Rising sea levels affecting the soil composition.

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