International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 9 Sample Paper

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

1. Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
2. Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
3. Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
4. Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
5. Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
6. Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
7. Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

1. Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
2. Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
3. Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
4. Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

1. Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
2. Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
3. Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
4. Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

1. Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
2. The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
3. Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
4. Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

1. Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
2. Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
3. Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
4. Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
5. Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

1. Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
2. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
3. Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

1. Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
2. Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

1. Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
2. Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
3. Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
4. Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
5. Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
6. Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

Q.1

Q.2

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Q.10

Q.1	During a science fair, a student presented a project on the impact of wildfires on climate change. They highlighted that wildfires release vast amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere as shown in the table given below. What inference can be made from this presentation? 1. Wildfires can act as a positive feedback loop, contributing to further warming and potentially more frequent fires. 2. Wildfires are primarily responsible for the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 3. All wildfires should be suppressed to prevent any carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions. 4. The release of greenhouse gases from wildfires is balanced by the absorption of carbon dioxide by new plant growth. Greenhouse Gas Amount Before Wildfire (tons) Amount Released by Wildfire (tons) Increase (%) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 30,00,000 10,00,000 33.33% Methane (CH4) 1,00,000 50,000 50% Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 10,000 5,000 50%
	a) Only 1		b) Only 2 and 3
	c) Only 1, 2 and 3		d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q.2	Dylan is considering buying a new smartphone. He knows that smartphones have a short lifespan and contribute to e-waste. He finds a company that offers a phone made with recycled materials and ethical sourcing practices. Compared to a conventional phone, how would this choice impact Dylan's environmental footprint?
	a) It would only slightly lessen his environmental impact, as smartphone production is inherently resource-intensive.		b) It would significantly reduce his e-waste generation and support ethical labour practices.
	c) It would have a negligible effect, as the majority of the environmental impact comes from smartphone usage.		d) It would increase his footprint due to the higher production cost and potential for shorter lifespan.

Q.3	In a city prone to heatwaves, a group of students proposed a rooftop garden initiative to combat the urban heat island effect. How does the presence of rooftop gardens contribute to reducing the urban heat island effect?
	a) Rooftop gardens reduce surface temperatures by providing shade and evaporative cooling		b) Rooftop gardens release excess heat into the atmosphere
	c) Rooftop gardens increase heat absorption from the sun		d) Rooftop gardens accelerate the formation of smog

Q.4	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: Statement 1: Deforestation leads to the loss of important carbon sinks, contributing significantly to global carbon emissions. Statement 2: Forests serve as buffers against extreme weather events and help in regulating local and regional climates.
	a) Statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 is incorrect.		b) Statement 1 is incorrect, but statement 2 is correct.
	c) Both statements are correct.		d) Both statements are incorrect.

Q.5	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Title: Forests as Crucial Carbon Capture Systems Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Trees absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and use it to grow. The carbon is then stored in the tree's biomass (wood, leaves, branches, and roots) and soil. Forests also help to regulate the climate by releasing water vapour into the atmosphere, which can form clouds and reflect sunlight back into space. Trees are the most significant carbon sink in forests, storing carbon in their biomass. The amount of carbon stored in a tree depends on its species, size, and age. Young forests capture carbon rapidly due to the quick growth of trees. Middle-aged forests store relatively greater amounts of carbon as trees grow slower but sequester more carbon. Old-growth forests contain large trees that retain carbon for extended periods, albeit at a slower rate due to fewer trees overall. Forest soils contain diverse forms of carbon influenced by soil type, vegetation, and geography. Soil properties, such as high organic content or frozen conditions, significantly impact carbon storage potential. The carbon captured by forests is eventually returned to the atmosphere through processes like decomposition and respiration. Different forest types exhibit varying rates of carbon capture and release. Tropical forests capture carbon rapidly but can release it quickly too. In contrast, temperate forests offer a balanced solution. Effective management strategies, such as forest preservation, sustainable forestry practices, forest expansion, and invasive species control, are crucial in optimising carbon sequestration potential while maintaining ecosystem balance. Imagine conducting an experiment measuring carbon sequestration rates in four different forest types over the span of a year. Based on your understanding of the case study, which forest type would you expect to demonstrate the highest rate of carbon capture per unit area within a year?
	a) Young temperate forest		b) Old-growth tropical forest
	c) Middle-aged temperate forest		d) Young tropical forest

Q.6	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: 1. Debris accumulation in oceans primarily consists of organic waste, which enhances marine biodiversity by providing habitats for various species. 2. Sustainable aquaculture involves utilising antibiotics to control diseases and enhance fish growth in farms. 3. Coastal development and shoreline alterations significantly impact marine habitats or disrupt the natural flow of sediments in coastal areas. 4. Overfishing contributes to the creation of dead zones due to the imbalance in marine ecosystems caused by the removal of certain fish species.
	a) Statements 1 and 2 are correct but statements 3 and 4 are incorrect.		b) Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect but statements 3 and 4 are correct.
	c) Statements 2 and 4 are incorrect but statements 1 and 3 are correct.		d) Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect but statements 2 and 4 are correct.

Q.7	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: Statement 1: Groundwater is primarily recharged through precipitation that infiltrates into the soil. Statement 2: Groundwater, once depleted, can be quickly replenished through human interventions like pumping water from surface reservoirs.
	a) Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.		b) Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
	c) Both the statements are correct.		d) Both the statements are incorrect.

Q.8	You're at the supermarket deciding between locally-grown organic vegetables and conventionally-grown vegetables shipped from a distant country. Both cost the same. Considering climate change:
	a) The local organic option is always better due to reduced transportation emissions.		b) Choose conventionally grown vegetables, as organic farming uses more water.
	c) Consider additional factors like packaging and water usage alongside transportation emissions.		d) Both options have similar climate impacts, so focus on personal preference.

Q.9	In your environmental science class, you're learning about the impact of different greenhouse gases on global warming. Your teacher has provided data showing an increase in two greenhouse gas concentrations since pre-industrial times: methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). If both gases have seen a 20% rise in concentration since pre-industrial times, which of the following statements is accurate based on their effect on raising global temperatures?
	a) Nitrous oxide would have a lower warming effect due to its longer atmospheric lifetime.		b) Methane would cause more significant warming due to its higher global warming potential.
	c) Both gases would have equal impacts on global temperatures.		d) Methane currently has a larger impact due to its higher concentration, but nitrous oxide's long lifespan makes it a long-term concern.

Q.10	Blair, an environmentally conscious consumer, is shopping for groceries at a local store. She notices a food product with an eco-label that states "Organic" on the packaging. Curious about its meaning, she checks the information available to understand the significance of the label. In the context of eco-labelling, what does the presence of an "Organic" label on a food product signify based on Emily's observation?
	a) The product is made using recycled materials.		b) It is manufactured using renewable energy sources.
	c) It's produced using sustainable farming methods without synthetic pesticides or fertilisers.		d) It contains natural ingredients.

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