International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 9 Sample Paper

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

1. Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
2. Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
3. Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
4. Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
5. Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
6. Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
7. Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

1. Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
2. Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
3. Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
4. Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

1. Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
2. Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
3. Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
4. Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

1. Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
2. The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
3. Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
4. Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

1. Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
2. Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
3. Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
4. Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
5. Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

1. Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
2. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
3. Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

1. Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
2. Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

1. Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
2. Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
3. Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
4. Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
5. Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
6. Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

Q.1

Q.2

Q.3

Q.4

Q.5

Q.6

Q.7

Q.8

Q.9

Q.10

Q.1	A city is expanding its wastewater treatment infrastructure to improve the quality of treated water released into the environment. As part of this development, engineers and environmental experts are reviewing the different stages of wastewater treatment to ensure the most effective processing of sewage. In the wastewater treatment process, which stage involves the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen?
	a) Primary treatment		b) Secondary treatment
	c) Tertiary treatment		d) Anaerobic digestion

Q.2	In the dense, lush forests of the Amazon basin, researchers are studying the ecosystem's dynamics to understand its role in global environmental processes. Which specific layer of the forest ecosystem plays a crucial role in regulating carbon levels and atmospheric moisture?
	a) Emergent layer		b) Canopy layer
	c) Understory layer		d) Forest floor

Q.3	During a science fair, a student presented a project on the impact of wildfires on climate change. They highlighted that wildfires release vast amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere as shown in the table given below. What inference can be made from this presentation? 1. Wildfires can act as a positive feedback loop, contributing to further warming and potentially more frequent fires. 2. Wildfires are primarily responsible for the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 3. All wildfires should be suppressed to prevent any carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions. 4. The release of greenhouse gases from wildfires is balanced by the absorption of carbon dioxide by new plant growth. Greenhouse Gas Amount Before Wildfire (tons) Amount Released by Wildfire (tons) Increase (%) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 30,00,000 10,00,000 33.33% Methane (CH4) 1,00,000 50,000 50% Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 10,000 5,000 50%
	a) Only 1		b) Only 2 and 3
	c) Only 1, 2 and 3		d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q.4	A community experiences an outbreak of a waterborne disease called Amoebiasis, characterised by severe abdominal cramps, diarrhoea with blood, and high fever. Individuals affected report exposure to contaminated water sources. Identify the causative agent responsible for these symptoms.
	a) Entamoeba histolytica		b) Giardia lamblia
	c) Vibrio cholerae		d) Shigella dysenteriae

Q.5	A farmer uses a private well to irrigate his crops. He notices that the well water has become increasingly salty over the past few years, affecting the growth and yield of his crops. What could be the most likely reason for this increase in salinity?
	a) Overextraction of groundwater from nearby wells		b) Intrusion of seawater into the freshwater aquifer
	c) Application of fertilisers and pesticides on the farmland		d) Changes in rainfall patterns and natural recharge rates

Q.6	A city council plans to implement a policy mandating the separation of organic waste (such as food scraps and yard waste) from other household garbage. Which environmental impact is most directly addressed by this policy?
	a) Minimising soil erosion in nearby agricultural lands		b) Reducing methane emissions from landfills
	c) Curbing air pollution caused by burning waste		d) Mitigating water contamination from landfill leachate

Q.7	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: 1. Debris accumulation in oceans primarily consists of organic waste, which enhances marine biodiversity by providing habitats for various species. 2. Sustainable aquaculture involves utilising antibiotics to control diseases and enhance fish growth in farms. 3. Coastal development and shoreline alterations significantly impact marine habitats or disrupt the natural flow of sediments in coastal areas. 4. Overfishing contributes to the creation of dead zones due to the imbalance in marine ecosystems caused by the removal of certain fish species.
	a) Statements 1 and 2 are correct but statements 3 and 4 are incorrect.		b) Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect but statements 3 and 4 are correct.
	c) Statements 2 and 4 are incorrect but statements 1 and 3 are correct.		d) Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect but statements 2 and 4 are correct.

Q.8	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Title: Forests as Crucial Carbon Capture Systems Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Trees absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and use it to grow. The carbon is then stored in the tree's biomass (wood, leaves, branches, and roots) and soil. Forests also help to regulate the climate by releasing water vapour into the atmosphere, which can form clouds and reflect sunlight back into space. Trees are the most significant carbon sink in forests, storing carbon in their biomass. The amount of carbon stored in a tree depends on its species, size, and age. Young forests capture carbon rapidly due to the quick growth of trees. Middle-aged forests store relatively greater amounts of carbon as trees grow slower but sequester more carbon. Old-growth forests contain large trees that retain carbon for extended periods, albeit at a slower rate due to fewer trees overall. Forest soils contain diverse forms of carbon influenced by soil type, vegetation, and geography. Soil properties, such as high organic content or frozen conditions, significantly impact carbon storage potential. The carbon captured by forests is eventually returned to the atmosphere through processes like decomposition and respiration. Different forest types exhibit varying rates of carbon capture and release. Tropical forests capture carbon rapidly but can release it quickly too. In contrast, temperate forests offer a balanced solution. Effective management strategies, such as forest preservation, sustainable forestry practices, forest expansion, and invasive species control, are crucial in optimising carbon sequestration potential while maintaining ecosystem balance. Imagine conducting an experiment measuring carbon sequestration rates in four different forest types over the span of a year. Based on your understanding of the case study, which forest type would you expect to demonstrate the highest rate of carbon capture per unit area within a year?
	a) Young temperate forest		b) Old-growth tropical forest
	c) Middle-aged temperate forest		d) Young tropical forest

Q.9	A major Himalayan glacier, a vital source of freshwater for millions downstream, is retreating at an alarming rate. Satellite imagery reveals a significant decrease in the glacier's mass over the past few years. Data also shows a connection between rising global temperatures and the accelerated melting of glaciers worldwide. Considering the scenario, which of the following is the most likely consequence of the glacier's retreat for the communities downstream?
	a) Increased hydropower generation due to higher water flow		b) Improved water quality
	c) Enhanced biodiversity in the surrounding ecosystem due to the release of nutrients		d) Water scarcity and competition for resources among communities

Q.10	You are a technician working at a nuclear power plant. You are tasked with performing routine inspections of the plant's various components. To ensure your understanding, your supervisor provides you with a diagram of the plant layout and asks you to identify the labelled components. Based on the diagram below, identify the main components of a nuclear power plant.
	a) A: Steam generator B: Coolant C: Reactor core D: Turbine E: Electricity generator		b) A: Reactor core B: Coolant C: Turbine D: Electricity generator E: Steam generator
	c) A: Coolant B: Reactor core C: Steam generator D: Turbine E: Electricity generator		d) A: Steam generator B: Reactor core C: Coolant D: Electricity generator E: Turbine

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