International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 9 Sample Paper

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

1. Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
2. Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
3. Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
4. Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
5. Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
6. Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
7. Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

1. Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
2. Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
3. Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
4. Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

1. Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
2. Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
3. Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
4. Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

1. Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
2. The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
3. Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
4. Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

1. Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
2. Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
3. Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
4. Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
5. Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

1. Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
2. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
3. Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

1. Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
2. Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

1. Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
2. Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
3. Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
4. Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
5. Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
6. Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

Q.1

Q.2

Q.3

Q.4

Q.5

Q.6

Q.7

Q.8

Q.9

Q.10

Q.1	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: Statement 1: Deforestation leads to the loss of important carbon sinks, contributing significantly to global carbon emissions. Statement 2: Forests serve as buffers against extreme weather events and help in regulating local and regional climates.
	a) Statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 is incorrect.		b) Statement 1 is incorrect, but statement 2 is correct.
	c) Both statements are correct.		d) Both statements are incorrect.

Q.2	Blair, an environmentally conscious consumer, is shopping for groceries at a local store. She notices a food product with an eco-label that states "Organic" on the packaging. Curious about its meaning, she checks the information available to understand the significance of the label. In the context of eco-labelling, what does the presence of an "Organic" label on a food product signify based on Emily's observation?
	a) The product is made using recycled materials.		b) It is manufactured using renewable energy sources.
	c) It's produced using sustainable farming methods without synthetic pesticides or fertilisers.		d) It contains natural ingredients.

Q.3	The graph below demonstrates a 50% reduction in post-harvest food losses achieved by a cooperative of farmers through enhanced packaging and transportation practices. What specific strategies in packaging and transportation could account for this significant success?
	a) Using biodegradable packaging materials and increasing the number of intermediaries in the supply chain.		b) Utilising airtight packaging to preserve freshness and optimising transportation routes to minimise travel time and handling.
	c) Employing large packaging to fit more produce and reduce the number of trips.		d) Using basic packaging materials and increasing the frequency of deliveries to retailers.

Q.4	Imagine you're a development consultant working with a government agency in a developing country concerned about the high levels of post-harvest food losses. You're tasked with recommending the most impactful intervention based on the data provided in the graph below. Which intervention would likely yield the greatest reductions in overall food losses while maximising impact across multiple commodities?
	a) Investing in improved storage facilities at the farm level.		b) Strengthening cold chain infrastructure across the supply chain.
	c) Training retailers on proper handling and display techniques.		d) Promoting consumer awareness about food waste reduction.

Q.5	A farmer uses a private well to irrigate his crops. He notices that the well water has become increasingly salty over the past few years, affecting the growth and yield of his crops. What could be the most likely reason for this increase in salinity?
	a) Overextraction of groundwater from nearby wells		b) Intrusion of seawater into the freshwater aquifer
	c) Application of fertilisers and pesticides on the farmland		d) Changes in rainfall patterns and natural recharge rates

Q.6	Consider two restaurants: one follows a "zero food waste" policy, while the other does not. Which environmental impact is most likely to be affected by the "zero food waste" policy?
	a) Land degradation		b) Air pollution
	c) Biodiversity loss		d) Greenhouse gas emissions

Q.7	Consider the case study given below and answer the following question: Title: Forests as Crucial Carbon Capture Systems Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Trees absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and use it to grow. The carbon is then stored in the tree's biomass (wood, leaves, branches, and roots) and soil. Forests also help to regulate the climate by releasing water vapour into the atmosphere, which can form clouds and reflect sunlight back into space. Trees are the most significant carbon sink in forests, storing carbon in their biomass. The amount of carbon stored in a tree depends on its species, size, and age. Young forests capture carbon rapidly due to the quick growth of trees. Middle-aged forests store relatively greater amounts of carbon as trees grow slower but sequester more carbon. Old-growth forests contain large trees that retain carbon for extended periods, albeit at a slower rate due to fewer trees overall. Forest soils contain diverse forms of carbon influenced by soil type, vegetation, and geography. Soil properties, such as high organic content or frozen conditions, significantly impact carbon storage potential. The carbon captured by forests is eventually returned to the atmosphere through processes like decomposition and respiration. Different forest types exhibit varying rates of carbon capture and release. Tropical forests capture carbon rapidly but can release it quickly too. In contrast, temperate forests offer a balanced solution. Effective management strategies, such as forest preservation, sustainable forestry practices, forest expansion, and invasive species control, are crucial in optimising carbon sequestration potential while maintaining ecosystem balance. Imagine conducting an experiment measuring carbon sequestration rates in four different forest types over the span of a year. Based on your understanding of the case study, which forest type would you expect to demonstrate the highest rate of carbon capture per unit area within a year?
	a) Young temperate forest		b) Old-growth tropical forest
	c) Middle-aged temperate forest		d) Young tropical forest

Q.8	In a geologically active region, a community has installed a closed-loop geothermal energy system to harness the Earth's heat for heating purposes. The system has been operating efficiently, but during a particularly cold winter, the underground temperature experiences a significant decrease. What is the likely impact on the efficiency of the geothermal system?
	a) Efficiency increases due to better heat transfer in cooler conditions, providing more warmth.		b) Efficiency decreases as the temperature drop reduces the available heat for the system.
	c) Efficiency remains unchanged despite temperature fluctuations, ensuring consistent heating.		d) Efficiency doubles as the system compensates for lower temperatures, delivering enhanced performance.

Q.9	Satellites have documented the rapid retreat of glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland, contributing significantly to global sea level rise. In addition to coastal flooding, this melting ice could also:
	a) Lead to the discovery of new mineral resources beneath glaciers.		b) Disrupt ocean currents, impacting global weather patterns.
	c) Decrease the salinity of seawater, harming marine life.		d) Create vast new fishing grounds as previously frozen areas become accessible.

Q.10	Your city is considering expanding its aquaculture industry to meet the growing demand for seafood. However, traditional aquaculture practices can contribute to water pollution and habitat degradation. Which of the following approaches would be most sustainable for developing a responsible aquaculture industry?
	a) Increase the use of antibiotics and pesticides to control diseases in farmed fish.		b) Implement closed-loop systems that recycle water and waste within the aquaculture facility.
	c) Source fish feed from wild-caught fish, which are readily available and inexpensive.		d) Locate aquaculture farms in open ocean environments to minimise their impact on coastal ecosystems.

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