English Vocabulary for Class 9

Word

definition

Temperature

Measure of how hot or cold the air is

Humidity

Amount of moisture in the air

Precipitation

Any form of water, liquid or solid, falling from the sky

Atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding the Earth

Barometer

Instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure

Anemometer

Instrument used to measure and quantify the speed or velocity of the wind

Avalanche

An avalanche is a rapid and massive flow of snow, ice and debris down a mountainside

Disaster

a sudden, catastrophic event that causes widespread destruction, turmoil and distress

Tremors

involuntary movements or vibrations of the earth's surface during an earthquake

Hurricane

A large, powerful storm with strong winds and heavy rain

Forecast

Prediction of future weather conditions

Climate

Average weather conditions over a long period of time

Meteorology

The study of the Earth's atmosphere and weather

Visibility

The distance one can see is affected by weather conditions

Frost

Ice crystals that form on surfaces as the temperature drops

Word

Definition

Government

The organized system or group of individuals that exercise authority, control and administration over a community

Rural

Areas or landscapes that are characterized by a countryside setting

Sovereignty

The supreme authority and power that a government or state possesses over its own territory, people and decision-making processes

Territory

A defined and marked geographical area that is under the control, ownership, or jurisdiction of a particular individual, group, community, or nation

Region

A defined and distinctive area or space characterized by certain features, such as geographical, cultural, administrative, or physical attributes, that set it apart from surrounding areas

Homeland

the native or adopted country or region where a person or a group of people has strong cultural, historical and emotional ties

Nationality

the legal relationship between an individual and a sovereign state, determining their membership, allegiance and rights within that particular nation

Citizenship

The status of being a member of a particular country and having rights and responsibilities.

Border

The line separating one country from another; is a boundary.

Anthem

A song representing a country is often played on important occasions.

Diversity

The presence of different cultures, ethnicities, and backgrounds within a country.

Constitution

A set of fundamental principles or established precedents by which a country is governed.

Populace

Economy

The system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in a country.

Diplomacy

The conduct of international relations and negotiations between countries.

Word

Definition

Language

System of communication used by a particular community or country.

Grammar

Rules and structures governing a language's usage.

Vocabulary

Collection of words used in a particular language.

Syntax

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences.

Phonetics

Study of the sounds of human speech.

Semantics

Study of meaning in language.

Dialect

A regional or social variety of a language.

Pronunciation

The way in which a word is spoken.

Bilingual

Fluent in two languages.

Etymology

Study of the origin and history of words.

Linguistics

Scientific study of language and its structure.

Alphabet

Set of letters or symbols used to write a language.

Polyglot

Person who knows and uses several languages.

Conjugation

Variation of a verb's form to express different grammatical aspects.

Syntax

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences.

Word

Definition

Climate Change

Long-term change in the average weather patterns

Pollution

Introduction of contaminants into the environment

Deforestation

Removal of large expanses of forests

Overpopulation

Excessive population in relation to available resources

Poverty

Lack of basic necessities and financial resources

Hunger

Persistent lack of sufficient food

Disease Epidemics

Widespread occurrence of infectious diseases

Water Scarcity

Insufficient availability of clean water

Global Warming

Increase in Earth's average surface temperature

Biodiversity Loss

Decline in the variety of life on Earth

Environmental Degradation

Deterioration of the environment

Resource Depletion

Exhaustion of natural resources

Air Quality

Degree to which air is polluted with contaminants

Waste Management

Proper handling and disposal of waste

Economic Inequality

Disparities in income and wealth among individuals