Boats and Streams for Class 1

The reading material provided on this page for Boats and Streams is specifically designed for students in grades 9 to 12. So, let's begin!

Boat and Stream are mathematical concepts used to solve problems involving rates of speed and distance. The concept is based on the idea that two boats are travelling in opposite directions on a stream. The speed of one boat (the "fast" boat) is given, as well as the speed of the stream (the "current"). The speed of the other boat (the "slow" boat) is then determined by subtracting the speed of the current from the speed of the fast boat. This concept can be used to solve problems involving time, distance and rates of speed.

Terms Related to Boats and Streams

To comprehend the concept of streams in solving questions related to boats and streams, it is crucial to familiarize oneself with four key terms associated with the topic. These terms are essential for a student's understanding.
Stream: The term "stream" is used to describe the continuous movement of water in a river.

There are two types:-

1. Upstream: When a boat or object is moving against the direction of the stream or current, it is said to be moving upstream.

In this case, the speed of the stream is subtracted from the speed of the boat to determine the effective speed of the boat against the current.

2. Downstream: When a boat or object is moving in the same direction as the stream or current, it is moving downstream.

In this case, the speed of the stream is added to the speed of the boat to determine the effective speed of the boat with the current.

Still water: In this particular situation, the stream is treated as immobile and its speed is considered to be zero.

Formulas of Boats and Streams

Listed below are several key formulas that can be utilized to solve problems related to boats and streams effectively.

1. Upstream Formula

where “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

2. Downstream Formula

where “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

3. Speed of Boat in Still Water

4. Speed of Stream

5. Average Speed of Boat

6. The formula for calculating the time taken when moving upstream is:

where “D” is distance and “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

7. The formula for calculating the time taken when moving downstream is:

where “D” is distance and “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

8. If it takes “t” hours for a boat to reach a point in still water and comes back to the same point then, the formula for the distance will be:

where “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

9. If it takes “t” hours more to go to a point upstream than downstream for the same distance, the distance formula will be:

where “x” is the speed of the boat in still water and “y” is the speed of the stream.

10. If a boat travels a distance downstream in “t1” hours and returns the same distance upstream in “t2” hours, then the speed of the man in still water will be:

How to Solve Problems Based on Boats and Streams?

To solve boat and stream questions, you can follow these general steps:

1. Understand the given information: Read the problem carefully and identify the given information such as the speed of the boat, speed of the stream, distance to be covered, and any other relevant details.
2. Determine the direction: Determine whether the boat is moving upstream (against the stream) or downstream (with the stream). This will help you identify the relative speeds.
3. Calculate the effective speed: For upstream movement, subtract the speed of the stream from the speed of the boat to obtain the effective speed. For downstream movement, add the speed of the stream to the speed of the boat.
4. Calculate time or distance: Depending on the information given in the problem, you may need to calculate either the time taken to cover a certain distance or the distance covered in a given time. Use the appropriate formula based on the given information.
5. Apply relevant formulas: Use the appropriate formulas, such as time = distance/speed or distance = speed × time, depending on the specific problem requirements.
6. Solve the equation: Substitute the known values into the formulas and solve the equation to find the unknown variable (time or distance).