1. Unscramble the letter groups from below and choose the correct option to find the name of the process used to separate a mixture of liquids by heating and condensing the vapour:
a) I O T R A L I F T N
b) O A E P I V O N T R A
c) N O D T A N E M I T E I S
d) T I D A L I L S T I O N
Answer: d) DISTILLATION. Distillation is the process used to separate a mixture of liquids by heating and condensing the vapour.
2. Consider the two statements given below and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: Filtration is a method used to separate insoluble substances from a liquid.
Statement 2: Distillation is a method used to separate soluble substances from a liquid.
a) Statement 1 is correct but 2 is wrong
b) Statement 1 is wrong but 2 is correct
c) Both statements are correct
d) Both statements are wrong
Answer: c) Both statements are correct.
Statement 1 is correct because filtration is used to separate insoluble substances from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter paper or porous material.
Statement 2 is also correct because distillation is a method used to separate soluble substances from a liquid.
3. A student wants to separate a mixture of salt and water. Which experimental setup would be most appropriate?
a) Heating the mixture and collecting the evaporated water
b) Allowing the mixture to settle and pouring off the clear water
c) Passing the mixture through a filter to collect the solid salt particles
d) Using distillation to separate the salt from the water
Answer: a) The most appropriate experimental setup to separate a mixture of salt and water would be to heat the mixture and collect the evaporated water. This method, known as evaporation, takes advantage of the different boiling points of water and salt. When the mixture is heated, the water evaporates and can be collected, leaving the salt behind.
4. Which of the following substances would be considered insoluble in water?
a) 
b) 
c) 
d) 
Answer: c) The substance that would be considered insoluble in water is the picture of oil. Oil does not mix with water and forms a separate layer.
5. Match the following methods of separation with their corresponding descriptions.
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Column I
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Column II
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1. Filtration
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A) Separating dissolved substances from water by cooling and forming crystals
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2. Sedimentation
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B) Separating insoluble particles from water using a porous material
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3. Crystallisation
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C) Separating soluble substances from water by heating and collecting vapour
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4. Distillation
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D) Allowing heavier particles to settle at the bottom of a mixture
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a) 1:D, 2:A, 3:B, 4:C
b) 1:B, 2:D, 3:A, 4:C
c) 1:B, 2:D, 3:C, 4:A
d) 1:D, 2:B, 3:A, 4:C
Answer: b) Filtration: Separating insoluble particles from water using a porous material
Sedimentation: Allowing heavier particles to settle at the bottom of a mixture
Crystallisation: Separating dissolved substances from water by cooling and forming crystals
Distillation: Separating soluble substances from water by heating and collecting vapour
FAQs
1. What is separation of substances?
The process of separating mixtures into their components or pure substances is known as separation of substances.
2. What is an insoluble substance?
A material is considered insoluble if it cannot be dissolved into a liquid, such as water, to create a homogenous mixture. Rather than dissolving or blending with the liquid, it stays as distinct particles floating in it.
3. How magnetism is used for separation?
Magnetic and non-magnetic materials are separated using magnetism. Iron may be extracted, for instance, from a combination of iron and sand using this method.
4. How does evaporation work for separation, and when is it used?
The process of heating a liquid until it turns into a gas is called evaporation. It is used to extract a solid that has dissolved from a liquid, such salt from seawater.
5. What is sieving, and when is it used as a separation technique?
A technique for separating solid particles of various sizes is sieving. It's frequently used to sift flour and get rid of lumps in the kitchen.
