Solved Questions on Soil and Rocks as Natural Resources
1. Match the following.
| Column I |
Column II |
| 1. Horizon O |
A) Layer of small pieces of rocks. |
| 2. Horizon C |
B) Layer where plants grow their roots. |
| 3. Horizon D |
C) Layer rich in organic material and nutrients. |
| 4. Horizon A |
D) Layer of solid rock beneath all other layers. |
a) 1:B, 2:A, 3:D, 4:C
b) 1:C, 2:D, 3:A, 4:B
c) 1:A, 2:B, 3:C, 4:D
d) 1:C, 2:A, 3:D, 4:B
Answer: d) Horizon O: Layer rich in organic material and nutrients (Humus)
Horizon C: Layer of small pieces of rocks (Regolith)
Horizon D: Layer of solid rock beneath all other layers (Bedrock)
Horizon A: Layer of small pieces of rocks (Topsoil)
2. Consider the two statements given below and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: Subsoil is soft and porous, and rich in organic matter.
Statement 2: Soil is a mixture of both living and non-living components.
a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
b) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
c) Both statements are correct
d) Both statements are incorrect
Answer: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because subsoil is not soft and porous like topsoil; it contains larger-sized particles like gravel and rocks.
Statement 2 is correct because the soil is indeed a mixture of both living (like organisms) and non-living (like minerals) components.
3. Metal X is commonly used in electrical wiring. It is obtained from chalcopyrite ore. Identify the metal.
a) Copper
b) Aluminum
c) Iron
d) Gold
Answer: a) The metal obtained from chalcopyrite ore, which is commonly used in electrical wiring, is copper.
4. What action can individuals take to conserve soil in their local communities?
a) Promoting recycling initiatives
b) Using chemical fertilizers in gardens
c) Engaging in sustainable farming practices
d) Disposing of waste in water bodies
Answer: c) Engaging in sustainable farming practices, such as using organic fertilizers, planting cover crops, and implementing erosion control measures, can help conserve soil.
5. Which of the following is not an application of non-metallic minerals?
a) Making glass
b) Making pots and pans
c) Creating ceramics
d) Manufacturing pencils
Answer: b) Making pots and pans typically involves the use of metallic materials, such as stainless steel or cast iron. Non-metallic minerals are commonly used in applications such as making glass, creating ceramics, and manufacturing pencils.
FAQs
1. What is soil, and why is it considered a natural resource?
The mixture of minerals, organic particles, and living things that makes up soil acts as a growing substrate for plants. It is an essential natural resource that sustains ecosystems, agriculture, and a range of human endeavours.
2. How does soil helps in plant's growth and agriculture?
Soil serves as a foundation for plant roots and provides essential nutrients for growth. It is vital for agriculture, supporting the cultivation of crops that form the basis of our food supply.
3. What is the importance of rocks as natural resources?
Rocks are important natural resources that supply building materials, infrastructure, and industrial supplies. By weathering processes, they also aid in the creation of soil.
4. What is the connection between soil and water conservation?
Healthy soil plays a role in water conservation by preventing runoff and promoting water absorption. By maintaining soil structure, we can reduce the risk of water pollution and ensure a sustainable water supply.
5. How do rocks contribute to the formation of soils?
Soil is composed of tiny particles that are broken down by weathering processes that occur to rocks over time. For soil to continuously regenerate as a resource, this natural cycle is essential.
