1. Match the following.
| Column I |
Column II |
| 1. Horizon O |
A) Layer of small pieces of rocks |
| 2. Horizon C |
B) Layer where plants grow their roots |
| 3. Horizon D |
C) Layer rich in organic material and nutrients |
| 4. Horizon A |
D) Layer of solid rock beneath all other layers |
a) 1:B, 2:A, 3:D, 4:C
b) 1:C, 2:D, 3:A, 4:B
c) 1:A, 2:B, 3:C, 4:D
d) 1:C, 2:A, 3:D, 4:B
Answer: d) Horizon O: Layer rich in organic material and nutrients (Humus)
Horizon C: Layer of small pieces of rocks (Regolith)
Horizon D: Layer of solid rock beneath all other layers (Bedrock)
Horizon A: Layer of small pieces of rocks (Topsoil)
2. Consider the two statements given below and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: Subsoil is soft and porous, and rich in organic matter.
Statement 2: Soil is a mixture of both living and non-living components.
a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect.
b) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct.
c) Both statements are correct.
d) Both statements are incorrect.
Answer: b) Statement 1 is incorrect because subsoil is not soft and porous like topsoil; it contains larger-sized particles like gravel and rocks.
Statement 2 is correct because the soil is indeed a mixture of both living (like organisms) and non-living (like minerals) components.
3. Metal X is commonly used in electrical wiring. It is obtained from chalcopyrite ore. Identify the metal.
a) Copper
b) Aluminum
c) Iron
d) Gold
Answer: a) The metal obtained from chalcopyrite ore, which is commonly used in electrical wiring, is copper.
4. What action can individuals take to conserve soil in their local communities?
a) Promoting recycling initiatives
b) Using chemical fertilisers in gardens
c) Engaging in sustainable farming practices
d) Disposing of waste in water bodies
Answer: c) Engaging in sustainable farming practices, such as using organic fertilisers, planting cover crops, and implementing erosion control measures, can help conserve soil.
5. Which of the following is not an application of non-metallic minerals?
a) Making glass
b) Making pots and pans
c) Creating ceramics
d) Manufacturing pencils
Answer: b) Making pots and pans typically involves the use of metallic materials, such as stainless steel or cast iron. Non-metallic minerals are commonly used in applications such as making glass, creating ceramics, and manufacturing pencils.
