Solved Questions on Weather, Climate and Adaptations in Response to Climate
1. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: The climate of a mountainous region tends to become colder as elevation increases.
Statement 2: The climate of a coastal region is typically milder due to the moderating effects of nearby water bodies.
a) Both statements are factual.
b) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.
c) Statement 2 is true and statement 1 is false.
d) Both statements are false.
Answer: a) Both statements are factual. Statement 1 is true because as elevation increases in mountainous regions, the air becomes thinner and can hold less heat, leading to colder temperatures. Statement 2 is also true as coastal regions are influenced by the moderating effects of nearby water bodies, which tend to stabilize temperatures, making them milder compared to inland areas.
2. From the given list of instruments select the ones that are used for measuring weather parameters.
I. Clinical Thermometer
II. Richter Scale
III. Hygrometer
IV. Rain gauge
V. Galvanometer
a) I and II
b) III and IV
c) II and V
d) IV and V
Answer: b) Hygrometer is used to measure humidity, which is an important weather parameter. Rain gauge is used to measure rainfall, another crucial weather parameter. Therefore, III (Hygrometer) and IV (Rain gauge) are the instruments used for measuring weather parameters.
3. Consider the following clues and identify the animal:
Clue 1: It has a long, prehensile tail that helps it navigate through the forest canopy.
Clue 2: It spends most of its time in trees and is highly adapted for an arboreal lifestyle.
a) Cheetah
b) Penguin
c) Spider monkey
d) Elephant
Answer: c) The spider monkey has a long, prehensile tail that acts as an additional limb, allowing it to navigate and move through the forest canopy with agility. Spider monkeys are primarily arboreal animals, spending most of their time in trees and displaying adaptations suited for life in the canopy.
4. In the following question, you will find an assertion and a reason. Select the appropriate option that applies.
Assertion: The climate of a tropical rainforest is characterised by high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year.
Reasoning: Tropical rainforests are located near the equator, where they receive direct sunlight and experience consistent warm temperatures. These regions also have high humidity due to the abundance of moisture in the air, leading to frequent and heavy rainfall.
a) Both the assertion and reasoning are correct, and the reasoning is the correct explanation for the assertion.
b) Both the assertion and reasoning are correct, but the reasoning is not the correct explanation for the assertion.
c) The assertion is correct, but the reasoning is incorrect.
d) Both the assertion and reasoning are incorrect.
Answer: a) Both the assertion and reasoning are correct, and the reasoning is the correct explanation for the assertion.
The assertion states that the climate of a tropical rainforest is characterized by high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year, which is accurate. The reasoning provides a valid explanation for this, stating that tropical rainforests are located near the equator, where they receive direct sunlight and experience consistent warm temperatures.
5. Choose the correct option and complete the following sentences:
I. The ____________ moves in groups and huddles together to keep warm in the cold weather.
II. The ____________ has specialised feet with webbing that helps it swim and walk on ice.
III. The ____________ hunts during the nighttime in order to evade extreme temperatures.
a) I: Penguin, II: Polar Bear, III: Desert Kangaroo
b) I: Polar Bear, II: Penguin, III: Desert Fox
c) I: Penguin, II: Polar Bear, III: Desert Fox
d) I: Polar Bear, II: Penguin, III: Desert Kangaroo
Answer: c) Penguins move in groups and huddle together to keep warm in the cold weather, forming a strategy known as "huddling behaviour."
Polar bears have specialized feet with webbing that enables them to swim and walk on ice, facilitating their survival in their Arctic habitat.
Desert foxes are nocturnal hunters, adapting to the extreme temperatures of the desert by hunting during the cooler nighttime hours.
FAQs
1. How are weather and climate different?
Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions that fluctuate quickly, whereas climate refers to long-term trends and averages of weather in a certain place.
2. What factors influence weather and climate?
Factors influencing weather and climate include latitude, altitude, proximity to water bodies, prevailing winds, ocean currents, and topography.
3. What are some examples of weather phenomena?
Rain, snow, thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes, fog, heatwaves, and cold spells are some examples of weather phenomena.
4. What are some adaptations of animals to hot climates?
Animals in hot areas may have adaptations such as light-colored hair or feathers to reflect sunlight, huge ears or wings to dissipate heat, burrowing behaviour to escape heat, and nocturnal activity to avoid midday heat.
5. What are some adaptations of animals to hot climates?
Animals in hot areas may have adaptations such as light-coloured hair or feathers to reflect sunlight, huge ears or wings that reflect heat, burrowing behaviour to escape heat, and nocturnal activity to avoid the midday heat.
