Solved Questions on Metals and Non-Metals
1. In a displacement reaction experiment, a piece of zinc metal is added to a copper sulphate solution. The setup involves placing zinc in the solution and observing the changes. What will be the colour change in the solution after some time?
a) The solution will turn blue.
b) The solution will turn green.
c) The solution will turn colourless.
d) The solution colour will remain the same.
Answer: c) In the displacement reaction between zinc and copper sulphate, zinc is more reactive than copper. Zinc displaces copper from its compound, resulting in the formation of zinc sulphate and copper metal. The blue colour of the copper sulphate solution is due to the presence of copper ions (Cu2+) in the solution. As zinc displaces copper, the blue colour fades away, indicating that copper has been removed from the solution.
2. Which of the following reactions accurately represents the reaction of metals with water to produce metal oxides and hydrogen gas?
a) 2H2O + 2Na → 2NaOH + H2
b) 2H2O + Ca → Ca(OH)2 + H2
c) 2H2O + 2Mg → 2MgO + H2
d) 2H2O + Fe → FeO + H2
Answer: c) When magnesium (Mg) reacts with water (H2O), it forms magnesium oxide (MgO) and hydrogen gas (H2). This is a typical example of a metal reacting with water to produce a metal oxide and hydrogen gas.
3. Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in the extraction of metals from their ores.
a) Enrichment, Refining, Extraction
b) Refining, Extraction, Enrichment
c) Extraction, Enrichment, Refining
d) Extraction, Refining, Enrichment
Answer: c) The correct sequence of steps involved in the extraction of metals from their ores is as follows: first, the metal is extracted from the ore (Extraction), then the ore is concentrated to remove impurities (Enrichment), and finally, the impure metal is refined to obtain the pure metal (Refining).
4. In the following question, you will find an assertion and a reason. Select the appropriate option that applies.
Assertion: Non-metals are generally brittle.
Reason: The arrangement of atoms in non-metals does not allow for the movement of atoms or layers, making them unable to withstand deformation without breaking.
a) Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
d) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Answer: a) The assertion states that non-metals are generally brittle, which is true. The reason provided explains why non-metals are brittle by pointing out that the arrangement of atoms in non-metals does not allow for the movement of atoms or layers, making them unable to withstand deformation without breaking. This explanation aligns with the observation that non-metals tend to break easily when subjected to stress, confirming the accuracy of both the assertion and the reason.
5. A student wants to extract silver metal from its ore, argentite (Ag2S). Which of the following experimental procedures would be the most appropriate for this purpose?
a) Electrolyzing the molten argentite
b) Heating argentite in the presence of oxygen
c) Reacting argentite with a strong acid
d) Roasting argentite in the presence of carbon
Answer: d) Since silver is a less reactive metal, it can be extracted from its ore, argentite, using a relatively simple method. In the extraction process, argentite is heated in the presence of oxygen (roasting) to convert it into silver oxide and sulfur dioxide. Then, silver oxide is further reduced to pure silver metal by reacting it with carbon (usually in the form of coke). The result of this reaction is the extraction of silver metal from the argentite ore.
FAQs
1. What are metals and non-metals?
Metals are identified by their glossy surface, thermal and electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility. Nonmetals, on the other hand, lack these characteristics and frequently exist as gasses or brittle solids.
2. What are some examples of metals and non-metals?
Examples of metals include iron, copper, gold, aluminum, and silver. Non-metal examples include oxygen, sulfur, carbon, nitrogen, and chlorine.
3. How do metals and non-metals differ in their physical and chemical properties?
Physical Property: Metals are often bright, malleable, ductile, and excellent heat and electrical conductors. Nonmetals, on the other hand, are frequently dull, brittle, and poor thermal and electrical conductors.
Chemical Property: Metals lose electrons and create positive ions (cations) during chemical processes. Nonmetals, on the other hand, tend to acquire electrons, forming negative ions (anions) or sharing electrons in covalent connections.
4. What are alloys, and why are they important in metallurgy?
Alloys are composed of two or more metals, or a metal and another element. They are useful in metallurgy because they frequently have better qualities than pure metals, such as greater strength, corrosion resistance, and appropriateness for certain applications.
5. What are some safety considerations when working with metals and non-metals?
When dealing with metals and nonmetals, it is important to handle them properly to avoid harm from sharp edges or poisonous compounds, be aware of possible fire and explosion dangers, and follow safety rules when utilizing tools and equipment.
